A probléma megoldódott, a badblocks és fsck kulcsszavak alapján megtaláltam a megfelelő topicokat.
Live CD-ről lefuttattam a badblocks parancsot, mely nem talált hibát:
ubuntu@ubuntu:~$ sudo badblocks /dev/sdb2 -v
Checking blocks 0 to 39062046
Checking for bad blocks (read-only test): done
Pass completed, 0 bad blocks found.
ubuntu@ubuntu:~$
Utána szintén a live-ról lefuttattam egy hibajavítót, ami után a rendszer tökéletesen betöltött:
ubuntu@ubuntu:~$ sudo fsck /dev/sdb2 -f -C -V -D
fsck 1.40.2 (12-Jul-2007)
[/sbin/fsck.ext3 (1) -- /dev/sdb2] fsck.ext3 -f -D -C0 /dev/sdb2
e2fsck 1.40.2 (12-Jul-2007)
Pass 1: Checking inodes, blocks, and sizes
Running additional passes to resolve blocks claimed by more than one inode...
Pass 1B: Rescanning for multiply-claimed blocks
Multiply-claimed block(s) in inode 7: 8
Multiply-claimed block(s) in inode 4840416: 8
Pass 1C: Scanning directories for inodes with multiply-claimed blocks
Pass 1D: Reconciling multiply-claimed blocks
(There are 1 inodes containing multiply-claimed blocks.)
File /opt/Adobe/Help/en_US/Adobe Reader/8.0/images/AR_Action_Sm_N.png (inode #4840416, mod time Mon Aug 20 22:27:04 2007)
has 1 multiply-claimed block(s), shared with 1 file(s):
(inode #7, mod time Sat Apr 5 12:37:51 2008)
Clone multiply-claimed blocks? yes
Pass 2: Checking directory structure
Pass 3: Checking directory connectivity
Pass 3A: Optimizing directories
Pass 4: Checking reference counts
Pass 5: Checking group summary information
Free blocks count wrong for group #1 (18117, counted=18116).
Fix? yes
Free blocks count wrong (8582999, counted=8582998).
Fix? yes
/dev/sdb2:
* FILE SYSTEM WAS MODIFIED
*
/dev/sdb2: 142864/4889248 files (0.6% non-contiguous), 1182513/9765511 blocks
ubuntu@ubuntu:~$